Smart governance and emergency management systems in Nigeria: innovations and challenges

In Nigeria, the integration of smart governance and advanced technologies into emergency management systems represents a transformative approach to addressing the country’s recurring challenges in disaster response and management. This study explores the potential of smart governance frameworks to enhance emergency preparedness, response, and recovery through digital innovations. Key technologies, including real-time data analytics, mobile alert systems, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), can enable swift and effective responses to crises ranging from natural disasters to health emergencies. The paper examines case studies of recent emergency management efforts in Nigeria, highlighting both successful applications of technology and areas needing improvement. Despite its promise, smart governance in Nigeria faces significant challenges, including insufficient digital infrastructure, limited funding, and low digital literacy among the population. Furthermore, the lack of coordinated policy frameworks and inter-agency collaboration hampers the seamless integration of these systems. This paper argues that overcoming these barriers requires a multi-stakeholder approach involving public institutions, private technology firms, and civil society. Additionally, fostering digital literacy and ensuring equitable access to technology are essential to building resilient communities. The findings of this research contribute to the broader discourse on the role of smart governance in emerging economies, emphasizing the necessity of adaptive and inclusive policies for sustainable emergency management. By leveraging technological advancements, Nigeria has the potential to significantly improve its emergency response capacities. However, realizing this potential depends on a strategic alignment of resources, policies, and stakeholder engagement to address the unique challenges of implementing smart governance in the Nigerian context.